Ukuqonda i-IP Rating ye-Industrial Speaker yeNkqubo ye-PA ye-Waterproof Loudspeaker

Indlela ii-IP Ratings ezichaphazela ngayo ukukhethwa kwesithethi sezemizi-mveliso

Ukufakwa komgangatho we-IP wesithethi esiqinileyo semizi-mveliso kusebenza njengepharamitha esisiseko kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo ye-PA yesandisi-lizwi esingangeni manzi kwimveliso, kwiindawo ze-petrochemical, nakwiindawo zemizi-mveliso enzima. Kwezi meko, iinkqubo zedilesi kawonke-wonke azizo nje izinto ezilula zokusebenza; ziziseko ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko lobomi ezifunekayo kwisaziso songxamiseko, iinkqubo zokufuduka, kunye nokubonisa imiqondiso yemihla ngemihla. Ngenxa yoko, ukuqina kokusingqongileyo kwehardware ye-acoustic kulawula ngokuthe ngqo ukuthembeka kwenethiwekhi yonxibelelwano lonke.

Ukukhetha isilinganiselo esifanelekileyo soKhuseleko lokuNgena (i-IP) yinkqubo yobuchwephesha obuphezulu edibanisa ubunjineli be-acoustic kunye nokuqina koomatshini. Iinjineli kufuneka zihlole iinxalenye zomoya, ukuvezwa kolwelo, kunye nokufuma okungqongileyo ukuze zichaze izixhobo ezinokukwazi ukusinda ekugugulekeni okuqhubekayo kwezemizi-mveliso. Ukungaphumeleli ukufanisa ngokuchanekileyo isilinganiselo se-IP sesithethi kwindawo yaso yokusebenza kubangela ukuwohloka kwezixhobo ngokukhawuleza, ukungaqondakali kakuhle, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukusilela kwenkqubo ngamaxesha apho unxibelelwano lubaluleke kakhulu.

Kutheni ii-IP Ratings zibalulekile kwiNgcipheko nakwiXesha lokuPhucula

Umsebenzi ophambili we-inkqubo ye-PA yemizi-mvelisokukugcina ixesha lokusebenza rhoqo, ingakumbi ngexesha leengxaki apho ukungaphumeleli kungelulo ukhetho. Uvavanyo lwe-IP lubonelela ngemilinganiselo enokulinganiselwa yokuvavanya umngcipheko ngokuchasene nokungena kwendalo, nto leyo ebangela ukungaphumeleli kwangethuba kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki zoshishino. Uthuli oluhamba emoyeni lunokuqokelelwa kwiikhoyili zelizwi ze-transducer, nto leyo ekhokelela ekusileleni kobushushu okanye ekubopheni koomatshini, ngelixa ukungena komswakama kubangela iisekethe ezimfutshane, ukubola koqhagamshelwano lwangaphakathi, kunye nokonakaliswa kweekhowuni zesipikha ezisekelwe ephepheni.

Idatha yobungakanani igxininisa umngcipheko wezemali kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo ezingachazwanga kakuhle. Izithethi ezingalinganiswanga okanye ezingalinganiswanga ngokwaneleyo ezifakwe kwiindawo ezinomswakama ohambelanayo odlula i-70% zibonisa izinga lokusilela eliya kuthi ga kwi-45% kwiinyanga ezili-18 zokuqala zokusetyenziswa. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, izithethi ezingangeni manzi ezichazwe ngokuchanekileyo ze-IP zinciphisa ukusilela okunxulumene nokusingqongileyo ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-2% kwiminyaka emihlanu yobomi. Oku kuncipha okukhulu kwamazinga okusilela kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iiprofayili zomngcipheko wesakhiwo, kunciphisa iindleko ezinkulu ezinxulumene nokugcinwa okungxamisekileyo, ukumiswa kwemveliso, kunye nezohlwayo ezinokubakho ze-OSHA okanye zokuthobela ukhuseleko lwengingqi.

Apho izithethi ezilinganiswe nge-IP zihambelana khona neenkqubo ze-PA ezibanzi kwizityalo

Iinkqubo ze-PA zezityalo ngokubanzi azisoloko zisebenza kwindawo efanayo; endaweni yoko, zigubungela iimozulu ezincinci ezahlukeneyo kwisakhiwo esinye. Uyilo olupheleleyo lwe-acoustic lusebenzisa indlela edibeneyo yokulinganisa i-IP yesipikha semizi-mveliso, lusebenzisa iiyunithi ezikhuselweyo kakhulu kuphela apho kuyimfuneko ukuphucula uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali luphela ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukuthembeka. Umzekelo, amagumbi olawulo kunye neekhorido zolawulo zihlala zifuna izipikha ze-IP ezisemgangathweni okanye eziphantsi, njengoko zilawulwa yimozulu kwaye zingenazo iinxalenye zemizi-mveliso.

Ukuya ngaphandle kwiziko, amanqanaba okhuseleko afunekayo ayakhula. Iindawo zokulayisha kunye neendawo zokugcina impahla ezivalekileyo zifuna ukhuseleko olusisiseko kuthuli oluvuthuzwa ngumoya kunye nokufuma okungathanga ngqo. Umgangatho wokucubungula, ingakumbi ezo zisetyenziswa ekuveliseni ukutya neziselo okanye ekucutshungulweni kweekhemikhali, zifuna izithethi ezingangeni manzi ezinamandla okumelana nokuhlanjwa ngokuthe ngqo, okunoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ngokumakisha iingozi ezithile zokusingqongileyo zendawo nganye yesikhungo ukuya kumlinganiselo we-IP ohambelanayo, abahlanganisi beenkqubo banokwakha inethiwekhi ye-PA edibeneyo, ebanzi yezityalo eqinisekisa ukugqunywa komsindo okufanayo kunye nokusinda kokusingqongileyo kwindawo ethile.

Oko kuqinisekiswa zii-IP Ratings ze-Industrial Speaker

Inkqubo yokulinganisa i-Ingress Protection (IP), echazwe kwihlabathi liphela ngumgangatho wehlabathi we-IEC 60529, inika isakhelo esiqinileyo nesimiselweyo sokwahlula amanqanaba okhuseleko olunikezelwa ziindawo zombane. Kwizithethi zemizi-mveliso, lo mgangatho ususa ukungaqondakali malunga namagama anjengelithi “ukungangeni manzi” okanye “ukungangeni kwimozulu,” endaweni yesigama sokuthengisa ngeeparameter zovavanyo lwelebhu ezisetyenziswayo, eziphindaphindwayo.

Ukuqonda kanye oko kuqinisekiswa luvavanyo lwe-IP lwesithethi semizi-mveliso kuvumela iinjineli zokuthenga ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ziya kusinda kwiimeko ezithile zesakhiwo. Olu vavanyo luvavanya ukuthembeka kwendlu yesithethi, ukutywinwa kwee-glands zokungena kwikhebula, kunye nemiqobo yokukhusela egubungela ii-transducers ze-acoustic.

Indlela iiDigits ze-IP zokuQala nezeSibini ezisebenza ngayo

Ikhowudi ye-IP yenziwe ngamanani amabini ahlukeneyo, ngalinye limele udidi olwahlukileyo lokumelana nokusingqongileyo. Inani lokuqala, eliqala ku-0 ukuya ku-6, libonisa inqanaba lokhuseleko lwendawo ebiyelweyo ekungeneni kwezinto eziqinileyo zangaphandle, ukusuka kwizixhobo ezinkulu kunye neminwe ukuya kumasuntswana othuli amancinci. Uvavanyo lwe-6 lubonisa ukuqina kothuli ngokupheleleyo, olufuna uvavanyo lwe-vacuum apho kungekho thuli lunokungena kwindawo ebiyelweyo ixesha elithile.

Inombolo yesibini, ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-9K, ilinganisa inqanaba lokhuseleko ekungeneni kwamanzi. Esi sikali asilomgca ngqo; sigubungela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuvezwa kwamanzi, kubandakanya ukufuma, ukuvuza ngokuthe nkqo, ukutshiza, iijethi zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nokuntywiliselwa ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, inombolo yesibini ye-5 ibonisa ukhuseleko kwiijethi zamanzi ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi (iilitha ezili-12.5 ngomzuzu) ukusuka nakweyiphi na indlela, ngelixa i-6 ibonisa ukhuseleko kwiijethi zamanzi ezinamandla (iilitha ezili-100 ngomzuzu kuxinzelelo lwe-100 kPa).

Ithetha ukuthini i-IP54, i-IP55, i-IP65, i-IP66, i-IP67, kunye ne-IP68

Ukuze bakhethe iinkqubo ze-PA zesandisi-lizwi ezingangeni manzi, iinjineli kufuneka ziqonde iikhrayitheriya zovavanyo ezithile zezona ratings ziqhelekileyo ze-IP kwimizi-mveliso. Itheyibhile engezantsi ichaza imida echanekileyo yolu hlobo lumiselweyo.

Ireyithingi ye-IP66 ithathwa njengesiseko sezicelo zokwenyani kwimizi-mveliso enzima nangaphandle, njengoko iqinisekisa ukusinda kwimvula eqhubayo kunye nokuhla kwepayipi ngqo. I-IP67 kunye ne-IP68 zigcinelwe izicelo ezikhethekileyo apho isithethi sinokuntywiliselwa okwethutyana okanye ngokusisigxina, njengakwi-iigalari zemigodi ezithandwa zizikhukulaokanye izakhiwo zokubeka iinqanawa zolwandle.

Oko Akugutyungelwanga zii-IP Ratings

Nangona ireyithingi ye-IP yesipikha semizi-mveliso inika idatha ebalulekileyo malunga nothuli namanzi, ayilophawu olupheleleyo lokuqina kokusingqongileyo ngokubanzi. Ingxaki eqhelekileyo yobunjineli kukuthatha ukuba ireyithingi ephezulu ye-IP ithetha ngokuzenzekelayo ukumelana nazo zonke iingozi zesakhiwo. I-IEC 60529 ayivavanye ukumelana kwe-enclosure kwimitha ye-ultraviolet (UV), enokonakalisa ngokukhawuleza iiplastiki ze-ABS eziqhelekileyo kwiindawo zangaphandle.

Ngaphezu koko, amanqaku e-IP awagubungeli ukugqwala kweekhemikhali okanye impembelelo yomzimba. Isithethi sinokuba singangeni manzi ngokupheleleyo (IP67) kodwa siqhubeke singakwazi ukwahlula ulwakhiwo ukuba sichatshazelwe ngumphunga we-asidi kwisityalo se-petrochemical. Ngokufanayo, ukumelana nempembelelo kulinganiswa ngokwahlukeneyo ngesikali sokulinganisa se-IK (IEC 62262). Isithethi esisebenza nzima kwimizi-mveliso sinokufuna amanqaku e-IK08 (anokukwazi ukumelana nempembelelo ye-5-Joule) ukongeza kumanqaku e-IP66 ukuze siphile kwindawo yokugcina impahla enabantu abaninzi.

Ukukhetha ii-IP Ratings ngokweNdawo yokuSebenza

Ukucacisa ireyithingi ye-IP yesipikha seshishini echanekileyo kufuna ukudwelisa iingozi ezichanekileyo zokusingqongileyo zendawo ethile yesakhiwo kwiiparamitha zovavanyo ezihambelanayo zomgangatho we-IEC 60529. Ukucacisa ngokugqithisileyo kubangela inkcitho yemali engeyomfuneko, ngelixa ukungachazi ngokwaneleyo kuqinisekisa ukusilela kwezixhobo zekhompyutha ngaphambi kwexesha. Inkqubo yokukhetha kufuneka iqwalasele iimeko zokusebenza eziqhelekileyo kunye neemeko ezimbi zokugcinwa.

Amacandelo ahlukeneyo emizi-mveliso anemingeni eyahlukileyo elawula kungekuphela nje ukulinganiswa kwe-IP kodwa kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo senkqubo ye-PA yesandisi-lizwi esingangeni manzi. Ngokuhlela iindawo zezixhobo ngokwahlukeneyo, iinjineli zinokwenza indlela yazo yokuthenga ibe yimigangatho kwaye ziqinisekise ukusebenza kwesandi okulinganayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.

Amatyala okusetyenziswa ngaphakathi, ngaphandle, okuhlamba impahla, kunye nolwandle

Indalo esingqongileyo ilawula ngokuthe ngqo indibaniselwano efunekayo yokukhusela ukungena kunye nokwakhiwa kwezinto. Iindawo zokuvelisa zangaphakathi ezingenazo iinkqubo zolwelo zihlala zifuna ukhuseleko lwe-IP54 kuphela ukukhusela uthuli oluhamba emoyeni. Iindawo ezingaphandle kancinci, ezifana neekhanopi zokulayisha okanye iindawo zokukhusela ezothutho, zijongene nemvula eqhutywa ngumoya kunye nokufuma, nto leyo edinga ubuncinci be-IP65.

Kwiindawo ezixineneyo, iimfuno ziyanda kakhulu. Iindawo zokuhlamba iimpahla kwiindawo zokuvelisa ukutya okanye kwiindawo zamayeza zijongana nemijikelo yococeko yemihla ngemihla kusetyenziswa amanzi ashushu aphezulu, axineneyo axutywe neekhemikhali ezibangela umhlaza. Ezi ndawo zifuna ukulinganiswa kwe-IP66 okanye i-IP69K. Iindawo zaselwandle, kuqukaamaqonga eoyile aselunxwemenikunye namazibuko aselunxwemeni, ajongene nosongelo olongezelelekileyo lokutshizwa kwetyuwa okuqhubekayo kunye nefuthe elinokubakho lamaza, nto leyo efuna ukhuseleko lwe-IP66 okanye i-IP67.

Indlela yokuthelekisa i-IP Rating, Enclosure, kunye neemfuno zokuFaka

Uvavanyo lwe-IP luthembeke kuphela njengezinto ezivalekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuyixhasa. Isithethi esine-IP66 rating asinamsebenzi ukuba indlu yaso iyaqhekeka phantsi koxinzelelo lobushushu okanye ibracket yaso yokuyibeka iyagqwala. Xa kuthelekiswa iindlela, iinjineli kufuneka zihlole ukusebenzisana phakathi kovavanyo lwe-IP kunye ne-enclosure metallurgy. Umzekelo, intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-304 eqhelekileyo inokugqwala kwaye ingaphumeleli kwiindawo zaselwandle nangona isithethi esine-IP67; ngoko ke, intsimbi engagqwali ye-316L ene-Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) engaphezulu kwe-32 iyafuneka.

Iimfuno zokufakela zikwachaphazela ukuthembeka komgangatho we-IP. Iindawo zokungena kwikhebula zezona zivelisi zixhaphakileyo zokusilela kwezipikha ezingangeni manzi. Abafaki kufuneka basebenzise ii-cable glands ezilinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo (umz., ii-M20 IP68 brass glands) kwaye baqinisekise ukuba iibrackets zokufakela azidingi ukugqobhozwa kwigumbi lesithethi elivaliweyo, nto leyo eya kuyiphelisa kwangoko isiqinisekiso se-IP somenzi.

Indlela Ukuthintela Ukungangenisi manzi Okunokuchaphazela Ngayo Ukusebenza Kwe-Acoustic

Ukufikelela kuvavanyo lwe-IP lwesithethi seshishini oluphezulu kudla ngokufuna uhlengahlengiso loomatshini olunokutshintsha ukusebenza kwe-acoustic yeyunithi. Ukuze kufezekiswe uvavanyo lwe-IP66 okanye lwe-IP67, abavelisi kufuneka bakhusele ii-transducer cones ezithambileyo kuxinzelelo lwamanzi. Oku kudla ngokufezwa ngokusebenzisa ii-acoustic meshes ezikhethekileyo ze-hydrophobic (ezifana nee-PTFE membranes) okanye ngokuyivala ngokupheleleyo i-driver ngasemva kwephaneli yangaphambili eqinileyo nevakalayo.

Ezi ndlela zokuthintela ukungenwa kwamanzi ngokwemvelo zizisa i-acoustic impedance. Amaza esandi asebenza rhoqo awanawo amandla okungena ngokulula kwiimembrane ezixineneyo ezingangeni manzi. Ngenxa yoko, isithethi se-IP66-rated horn sinokuncitshiswa yi-2 ukuya kwi-4 dB kwinqanaba loxinzelelo lwesandi (SPL) kumaza angaphezu kwe-8 kHz xa kuthelekiswa ne-non-rated equivalent. Abayili beenkqubo kufuneka baqwalasele olu hlobo lokunciphisa isandi ngexesha lesigaba sokumodela i-acoustic, behlala behlawula ngokwandisa useto lwe-amplifier okanye ukusasaza izithethi kuxinano oluphezulu ukugcina iinjongo ze-Speech Transmission Index (STI) zokukhupha ilizwi ngokukhawuleza.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa amabango e-IP Rating

Nangona abavelisi behlala bebhengeza amanqaku aphezulu e-IP yesithethi semizi-mveliso, iinjineli kunye neengcali zokuthenga kufuneka ziqinisekise ngokungqongqo la mabango ngokusebenzisa amaxwebhu asemgangathweni kunye nohlalutyo oluthelekisayo. Imarike yesandi semizi-mveliso ibandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lomgangatho wezixhobo, kwaye ukuthatha iinkcukacha zokuthengisa ngexabiso elibonakalayo kunokungenisa ubuthathaka obukhulu kwiinkqubo ze-PA zokhuseleko lobomi.

Ukuqinisekiswa kufuna ukuqonda okunzulu kweenkqubo zovavanyo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokukwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwamabango aziqinisekisayo kunye nedatha yelebhu eqinisekisiweyo. Ukuseka inkqubo yokuqinisekisa engqongqo kuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ye-PA yesandisi-lizwi esingangeni manzi ehanjiswayo iya kusebenza ngokuchanekileyo njengoko icwangcisiwe ngexesha lomsebenzi wayo.

Iingxelo zoVavanyo kunye neMigangatho eCelwayo

Ukuqinisekisa umlinganiselo we-IP, amaqela okuthenga kufuneka agunyazise ukungeniswa kweengxelo zovavanyo ezisemthethweni ezivela kwiilabhoratri ezivunyiweyo zomntu wesithathu. Ukuqinisekiswa ngumvelisi kuqhelekile kwiireyithingi eziphantsi (IP54), kodwa amabango aphezulu (IP66, IP67, IP68) kufuneka axhaswe kukuqinisekiswa okuzimeleyo. Ilabhoratri yovavanyo kufuneka ibe nokuqinisekiswa okusebenzayo kwe-ISO/IEC 17025, okuqinisekisa ukuba indawo inezixhobo ezilinganisiweyo kunye nobuchule bobuchwephesha bokwenza uvavanyo lwe-IEC 60529 ngokuchanekileyo.

Xa kuphononongwa ingxelo yovavanyo, iinjineli kufuneka ziqinisekise iimeko ezithile zovavanyo. Kwingxelo ye-IP66, amaxwebhu kufuneka achaze ngokucacileyo ukuba isithethi sifakwe i-nozzle ye-12.5mm ekhupha iilitha ezili-100 zamanzi ngomzuzu kumgama weemitha ezi-2.5 ukuya kwezi-3 ubuncinane imizuzu emi-3, kwaye uhlolo lwangaphakathi olulandelayo aluzange lubonise ukungena kwamanzi okuyingozi.

Indlela ii-IP Ratings ezithelekiswa ngayo nezinye iziqinisekiso

Kwiimarike zaseMntla Melika, iinjineli zihlala zidibana nomgangatho we-NEMA 250 ecaleni okanye endaweni yomgangatho we-IEC 60529 IP. Nangona kukho ukudibana, le migangatho mibini ayitshintshi ngokugqibeleleyo. Umgangatho we-IP wesithethi semizi-mveliso ulinganisa ngokungqongqo ukhuseleko kwizinto eziqinileyo namanzi, ngelixa umlinganiselo we-NEMA uzisa ezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo zokusingqongileyo ezifana nokumelana nokugqwala, i-icing, kunye nokuphuma kweoyile.

Umzekelo, umlinganiselo we-NEMA 4X udla ngokuthathwa njengolingana ne-IP66 malunga nokukhuselwa kothuli namanzi. Nangona kunjalo, u-“X” kwi-NEMA 4X ubonisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuqinisekisiweyo, okudla ngokufuna ukuba indawo ebiyelweyo iphile uvavanyo oluqinileyo lwe-200-hour salt spray. Isithethi se-IP66 esakhiwe ngeplastiki ye-ABS eqhelekileyo siya kusilela kumgangatho wokugqwala we-NEMA 4X. Ke ngoko, xa kuqinisekiswa iinkcukacha zeendawo ezigqwala kakhulu, iinjineli kufuneka zijonge ngaphaya komlinganiselo we-IP kwaye zicele iziqinisekiso ezongezelelweyo ze-NEMA okanye iziphumo ezithile zovavanyo lwe-ASTM B117 salt fog.

Iiflegi eziBomvu kwiinkcukacha zeSithethi ezilinganiswe yi-IP

Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphononongwa kweenkcukacha, iiflegi ezininzi ezibomvu zinokubonisa ubunjineli obungaphantsi komgangatho okanye ukuthengisa okukhohlisayo malunga novavanyo lwe-IP lwesithethi semizi-mveliso. Iflegi ebomvu ebalaseleyo ibandakanya amabango e-IP68 angacacanga. Ngokwe-IEC 60529, ubunzulu obuthile kunye nobude bovavanyo lokuntywiliselwa kwe-IP68 kufuneka buchazwe ngumvelisi, ukuba buqatha ngaphezu komgangatho we-IP67 (imitha e-1 imizuzu engama-30). Ukuba iphepha leenkcukacha lithi “IP68″ kodwa alikwazi ukuchaza iiparameter ezifana “nokuntywiliselwa kwiimitha ezi-2 iiyure ezingama-24,” uvavanyo aluphelelanga kwaye alusebenzi.

Enye into ebalulekileyo kukubakho kwezitshintshi zoomatshini ezingavalwanga okanye iibhloko zesiphelo eziveziweyo kwisithethi esithi i-IP65 okanye ngaphezulu. Izithethi ezingangeni manzi zokwenyani zisebenzisa ii-cable glands ezivaliweyo kunye namagumbi esiphelo sangaphakathi. Ukuba incwadi yokufaka ifuna ukuba umfaki avule igumbi eliphambili le-acoustic ukuze aqhagamshele iingcingo, umlinganiselo we-IP yefektri uyaphazamiseka xa iyunithi ilungiswa ebaleni. Izithethi zezimboni ezisemgangathweni ophezulu zahlula ibhokisi ye-wiring junction kwindawo ephambili ye-transducer ukuze kugcinwe isitywino sendalo.

Inkqubo Yokugqibela Yokukhetha Izithethi Zemizi-mveliso

Ukhetho lokugqibela lovavanyo lwe-IP yesithethi semizi-mveliso lufuna indlela ebanzi edlula nje ekukhetheni inani eliphezulu elifumanekayo. Abadibanisi beenkqubo kufuneka badibanise idatha yokusingqongileyo, iimfuno ze-acoustic, kunye nemida yebhajethi ukuze bachaze inkqubo ye-PA yesandisi-lizwi esingangeni manzi enika ukuqonda okuthembekileyo kwixesha elide lokusebenza.

Ukuthengwa kwezixhobo zobugcisa akujongi nje kuphela ireyithingi ye-IP njengenkcazo yoomatshini, kodwa njengomqhubi oyintloko weTotal Cost of Ownership (TCO) yenkqubo. Inethiwekhi yezithethi echazwe kakuhle inciphisa ukungenelela kokugcinwa, inciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi, kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba unxibelelwano ngokhuseleko lobomi luhlala lusebenza ngexesha leziganeko ezimbi kakhulu zesakhiwo.

Indlela yokulinganisela imeko-bume, ukusebenza, kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali

Ukulinganisela imeko-bume, ukusebenza, kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali kufuna uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lwe-TCO. Izithethi ezine-IP ephezulu zifuna inkcitho enkulu yokuqala. Umzekelo, umntu othetha isiNgesiIsiqinisekiso se-ATEX, Isithethi se-horn yentsimbi engagqwaliyo elinganiswe nge-IP66 sinokuba nexabiso eliphantsi eliyi-40% ukuya kwi-60% kunemodeli ye-aluminium eqhelekileyo ye-IP54. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenzisa imodeli ye-IP54 engabizi kakhulu kwindawo enzima yokuhlamba kuya kubangela ukungaphumeleli okuphindaphindiweyo.

Ixabiso lokwenyani lesipikha esingenamsebenzi alibandakanyi nje kuphela izixhobo zokutshintsha kodwa kunye nomsebenzi okhethekileyo ofunekayo kulondolozo lwemizi-mveliso—odla ngokubandakanya i-scaffolding, ii-lifts ezikhethekileyo, kunye nokuvalwa kwendawo yexeshana. Ngokutyala imali yeprimiyamu engama-60% kwangaphambili ukuze ufumane umlinganiselo ochanekileyo we-IP66, izibonelelo zihlala zinciphisa iindleko zazo zokulungisa ngaphezulu kwe-80% kumjikelo wobomi beminyaka emihlanu, nto leyo ethetha ngokulula ukuba imali yokuqala ingasetyenziswa ngelixa kuqinisekiswa ukusebenza kwenkqubo ye-PA okungaphazamisekiyo.

Ixesha lokuchaza i-IP Rating ephezulu

Nangona ukufanisa ngokuchanekileyo iireyithingi ze-IP neengozi zokusingqongileyo kuyinto eqhelekileyo, kukho iimeko ezithile apho ukucacisa ngabom ireyithingi ye-IP yesipikha seshishini kukhetho lobunjineli oluphezulu. Enye imeko enjalo ibandakanya ukuguquguquka kwesakhiwo. Ukuba uyilo lwesityalo luhlala luhlengahlengiswa, ukucacisa izipikha ze-IP66 kuzo zonke iindawo zokucubungula kuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zihlala zikhuselekile nokuba indawo eyomileyo iguqulwa okwethutyana ibe yindawo yokuphatha ulwelo.

Ukubeka iinkcukacha ezigqithisileyo kukwasebenza njengomda wokhuseleko obalulekileyo kwiziganeko zemozulu egqithisileyo. Kwizakhiwo zoshishino eziselunxwemeni, imvula eqhelekileyo isenokufuna kuphela umlinganiselo we-IP54, kodwa isoyikiso semvula enamandla eqhutywa ngumoya okanye izikhukula ezingalindelekanga senza i-IP66 okanye i-IP67 ibe lukhetho olulumkileyo. Ukubonelela ngale buffer kuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokwazisa ngobuninzi iyasinda kwiziganeko ezimbi kakhulu eyenzelwe ukulumkisa abasebenzi ngazo.

Iikhrayitheriya zoMjikelo woBomi boBomi bokuthembeka kwexesha elide

Eyona njongo iphambili yokuchaza umlinganiselo we-IP wesithethi semizi-mveliso ochanekileyo kukwandisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide. Xa kuvavanywa izixhobo zekhompyutha, iinjineli kufuneka zidibanise umlinganiselo we-IP kunye ne-Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) echazwe ngumvelisi. Isithethi esichaziweyo ngokufanelekileyo se-IP, esibekwe kwindawo ehambelana nemida yaso yovavanyo, kufuneka sifikelele kwi-MTBF edlula iiyure ezingama-50,000.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba olu mjikelo wobomi uyafezekiswa, abaphathi beziko kufuneka basebenzise imigaqo eqhelekileyo yokufaka kunye nokugcina. Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezilawulwa yi-torque ukukhusela iibholiti ezivalekileyo ngaphandle kokutyumza ii-gaskets ezimelana nemozulu, ukuhlola ii-cable drip loops ukuthintela amanzi ukuba angangeni kwiindawo zokungena, kunye nokwenza uhlolo olubonakalayo lonyaka lwe-acoustic mesh. Ngokudibanisa uqinisekiso oluqinileyo lwe-IP kunye nolawulo olucwangcisiweyo lwe-lifecycle, izakhiwo zoshishino zinokusebenzisa iinkqubo ze-PA zesandisi-lizwi ezingangeni manzi ezibonelela ngamashumi eminyaka yonxibelelwano olungenasiphako nolusindisa ubomi.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Sebenzisa ireyithingi ye-IP njengengcaciso ephambili xa ukhetha izithethi zemizi-mveliso kwiindawo ezinothuli, ezifumileyo, ezingaphandle, okanye ezihlanjwa ngamanzi.
• Vavanya indawo nganye yezityalo ngokwahlukeneyo kuba amagumbi okulawula, iindawo zokulayisha imithwalo, imigangatho yokucubungula, kunye neendawo zangaphandle zihlala zifuna amanqanaba okhuseleko ahlukeneyo.
• Cacisa izithethi ezingangeni manzi eziphezulu ezine-IP-rated apho iijethi zamanzi ezithe ngqo, ukufuma okuphezulu, ukugqwala, okanye iinxalenye eziphuma emoyeni zinokubangela ukungasebenzi kwenkqubo.
• Izithethi ezilinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo ze-IP zinokunciphisa umngcipheko wokungasebenzi kakuhle kwendalo kwaye ziphucule ixesha lokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-PA kwiminyaka emininzi.
• Kwizaziso zokhuseleko lobomi kunye nemiyalezo yokufuduka, beka phambili ukuqina kokusingqongileyo njengokufikelela kwisandi kunye nokuqondwa kakuhle.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Kuthetha ukuthini ukulinganiswa kwe-IP yesithethi semizi-mveliso?

Uvavanyo lwe-IP lubonisa indlela isithethi esivalekileyo esimelana ngayo nezinto eziqinileyo kunye nolwelo. Inombolo yokuqala igubungela ukhuseleko lothuli, ngelixa eyesibini igubungela ukhuseleko lwamanzi. Kwiinkqubo ze-PA zoshishino, oku kunceda iinjineli ukuba zihambelane nezipikha nothuli, ezimanzi, ezingaphandle, okanye ezihlanjwa ngamanzi.

Yeyiphi i-IP rating efanelekileyo kwizithethi ezingangeni manzi?

Kwiindawo zoshishino ezimanzi okanye ezingaphandle, i-IP65 idla ngokuba yinto eqhelekileyo kuba ayivumeli uthuli kunye neejethi zamanzi. Kwiindawo ezimanzi okanye ezishushu kakhulu, i-IP66, i-IP67, okanye ngaphezulu kunokufuneka kuxhomekeke kwiindlela zokucoca, umngcipheko wokuntywiliselwa, kunye neemeko zendawo.

Kutheni izithethi ezilinganiswe nge-IP zibalulekile kwiinkqubo ze-PA ezingxamisekileyo?

Iinkqubo ze-PA ezingxamisekileyo kufuneka zisebenze ngexesha lee-alamu, ukuphuma kwabantu, kunye neziganeko zokusebenza. Uthuli, ukufuma, ukugqwala, kunye nokufuma kunokonakalisa izithethi ezingalinganiswanga, kunciphisa ukuvakala okanye kubangele ukungasebenzi. Izithethi ezifanelekileyo ezilinganiswa nge-IP ziphucula ixesha lokusebenza kwaye zinciphisa umngcipheko wokugcinwa kwiindawo ezinzima.

Ngaba zonke iindawo zesityalo zifuna umlinganiselo ofanayo we-IP yesithethi?

Hayi. Amagumbi olawulo anokufuna ukhuseleko oluphantsi, ngelixa iindawo zokulayisha imithwalo, umgangatho wokucubungula, iindawo zaselwandle, kunye neendawo zeekhemikhali zifuna izithethi ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Uvavanyo lwendawo ngendawo lunceda ukulawula iindleko ngelixa lugcina unxibelelwano olubalulekileyo luthembekile.

Ukufuma kungachaphazela njani izithethi ze-PA zemizi-mveliso?

Ukufuma okuphezulu kunokonakalisa uqhagamshelwano, kubuthathaka iikhowuni zesipikha, kwaye kubangele iimpazamo zombane. Kwiindawo apho ukufuma okuqhelekileyo kudlula i-70%, izipikha ezingafakwanga manzi zinokungaphumeleli ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kuneemodeli ezingangeni manzi ezichazwe ngokufanelekileyo.