Iifowuni Ezingaqhumiyo kwiZone 1 nakwiZone 2: Izicelo kunye nezinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ukhetha

• Ukwahlulwa kweendawo kuqhuba imfuneko yokuvalwa kunye nesatifikethi ngaphezu kwendlela yefowuni.
• I-ATEX, i-IECEx, ukhuseleko lokungena, kunye nodidi lobushushu kufuneka zihlolwe kunye, zingahlukaniswanga.
• Ukucaca kwelizwi lemizi-mveliso, indlela yokuziphatha yokunyanzela umntu ukuba abize, kunye nokufikelela kulondolozo kubaluleke kakhulu njengokusinda.
• Abathengi beprojekthi kufuneka bafanise ifowuni nendawo enobungozi, kungekhona nje uhlobo lwesakhiwo.

Ukukhethwa kwefowuni engaqhumiyo kwiZone 1 sisigqibo sokhuseleko lobuchwephesha, asikokuthenga nje izixhobo zekhompyutha, kuba izixhobo zendawo enobungozi kufuneka zihambelane neqela legesi, udidi lobushushu, kunye nomxholo wofakelo, ngelixa uninzi lolawulo lwemizi-mveliso lulandela uvavanyo kunye nengqiqo yokumakisha esetyenziswa kwimigangatho efana nale.I-IECkwayeI-ISO 80079-36; kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano kwiindawo ezinzima, ukuqina okusebenzayo nako kubalulekile, kuba izivalo ezineI-ISO 60529Ukhuseleko lwe-IP66 lwenzelwe ukumelana nothuli kunye neejethi zamanzi ezinamandla, nto leyo eluncedo xa iyunithi efanayo kufuneka ikwazi ukumelana nokuhlanjwa ngamanzi ngaphandle, imvula, kunye nokutshizwa ngamanzi amdaka.

Ifowuni engenakugqabhuka kwiZone 1 xa ithelekiswa nefowuni engenakugqabhuka kwiZone 2: loluphi utshintsho kwiiprojekthi zokwenyani

Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwefowuni ekwaziyo ukuqhuma kwiZone 1 kunye nefowuni ekwaziyo ukuqhuma kwiZone 2 kubuninzi kunye nobude bengozi yomoya oqhumayo.

Indawo 1 idla ngokuba yindawo apho umoya wegesi oqhumayo unokwenzeka xa usebenza ngendlela eqhelekileyo, ngelixa indawo 2 iyindawo apho kungenakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke xa usebenza ngendlela eqhelekileyo, kwaye ukuba kwenzeka njalo, uhlala ixesha elifutshane.

Loo mahluko utshintsha ulindelo lwesatifikethi, ingcamango yokhuseleko, kunye nokunyamezela umngcipheko ngexesha lokugcinwa.

Kubathengi, oku kuthetha ukuba ifowuni evunyiweyo kwiZone 2 ayivumelekanga ngokuzenzekelayo kwiZone 1, nokuba umzimba wayo ufana.

Abasebenzisi bemizi-mveliso badla ngokufumanisa ukuba ingxaki yokuthenga ayisiyo i-handset ngokwayo, kodwa kukungafani phakathi kohlu lweendawo kunye nokumakishwa kwezixhobo.

Kwindlela yokuthenga ifowuni enganyangekiyo kukuqhuma kwe-ATEX, ulandelelwano oluchanekileyo lolu: hlela indawo, qinisekisa iqela legesi, qinisekisa udidi lobushushu, uze uqinisekise indlela yokumakisha isixhobo kunye nendlela yokufakela.

Loo ngqiqo inciphisa amathuba okuchaza ngokugqithisileyo izixhobo kwindawo ethambileyo okanye izixhobo ezingachazwanga ngokwaneleyo kwindawo ebalulekileyo.

Loo thelekiso yingakho amaqela eprojekthi kufuneka afunde igama, hayi inkcazo yokuthengisa.

Kungoko ke iinjineli ezininzi zijonga ulwahlulo lwendawo ngesikhokelo sokukhusela ukuqhuma esivelaIindawo ezinobungozi ze-OSHA, ingakumbi xa indawo idibanisa izixhobo zenkqubo, iiphaneli zolawulo zombane, kunye neendawo zonxibelelwano zasentsimini.

Iimfuno zefowuni ezimelana nokuqhuma kwe-ATEX: uphawu, indawo, kunye nendlela yokufakela

Ifowuni ekwaziyo ukumelana nokuqhuma kwe-ATEX inentsingiselo kuphela xa uphawu olupheleleyo lwezixhobo luhambelana nohlelo lwendawo.

Kwi-ATEX practice, umthengi kufuneka ajonge udidi, iqela legesi, udidi lobushushu, kunye nazo naziphi na iimeko ezikhethekileyo zokusetyenziswa ngaphambi kokuba athelekise iikhathalogu zemveliso.

Umzekelo, isixhobo sonxibelelwano esilinganiswe kwiqela eliqinileyo okanye umda wobushushu obanzi sinokuba sifanelekile ngakumbi kunemodeli efana nembonakalo evunyelwe kancinci.

Oku kubalulekile kuba iifowuni zoshishino zihlala zifakelwa kumasango okungena, iiyunithi zokucwangcisa, iindawo zokulayisha, okanye kwizikhululo zikaxakeka apho ukutshintshwa kubiza kakhulu kwaye ixesha lokungasebenzi liyabonakala kwimisebenzi.

Eyona mpazamo ixhaphakileyo kukuphatha ilebheli ye-ATEX njengebheji yokhuseleko eqhelekileyo endaweni yokuba yimvume yokufakela echanekileyo.

Enye impazamo kukungawunanzi umzekelo wolondolozo, kuba ukuvulwa rhoqo kwento ebiyelweyo kunokuchaphazela ukuthembeka kokutywinwa kunye nocwangciso lwenkonzo.

Ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko, iinkcukacha ezininzi zeprojekthi zifuna ukuba umthengisi wefowuni abhale phantsi umlinganiselo wokuvalwa, indlela yomsindo, uhlobo lwekhiphedi, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nezixhobo zokufakela kwiphakheji enye yokuthumela.

Xa usetyenziso lubanzi kunemveliso enye, abathengi badla ngokuthelekisaiimveliso zonxibelelwano lwemizi-mvelisokunye neendlela ezithile zesiza ezifanaiifowuni ezingenakugqabhuka, kuba le projekthi inye isenokufuna ukubizwa ngokukhawuleza, ukufowuna, okanye ukumelana nemozulu.

Usetyenziso lwefowuni olungenakuqhuma kwioyile negesi, kwizityalo zeekhemikhali, nakwii-terminals

Iifowuni ezingasetyenziswayo zinamandla kakhulu apho unxibelelwano lwelizwi kufuneka luhlale lufumaneka nokuba iinkqubo zeofisi eziqhelekileyo azifumaneki okanye azikhuselekanga.

Kwiindawo zeoyile negesi, ifowuni idla ngokufakelwa kufutshane neerakhi zokulayisha, iiperimeters zolawulo, iindawo zecompressor, kunye neepaseji zombane apho abasebenzi bafuna ukunxibelelana ngokukhawuleza namagumbi olawulo.

Kwizityalo zeekhemikhali, isixhobo esifanayo sinokufuneka kwiifama zeetanki, kwiindawo zokuthatha iisampulu, nakwiindawo zokulungisa apho abaqhubi banxiba khona iiglavu kwaye bafuna ukuqaliswa okulula kokubiza.

Kwizikhululo nakwiindawo zokugcina izinto, ifowuni ekwaziyo ukumelana nokuqhuma idla ngokuxhasa ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo ngexesha elinye, ingxelo yeziganeko, kunye nokulungelelaniswa kolawulo lokufikelela.

Ezi azizo iindlela zokusetyenziswa ngokungacwangciswanga.

Ziindawo apho umnxeba ongaphumelelanga unokulibazisa ukuphuma, ukuvalelwa ngaphandle, okanye isigqibo sokuvala.

Ngenxa yeso sizathu, abathengi bemizi-mveliso baya bevavanya kungekuphela nje umlinganiselo wengozi, kodwa kunye noyilo lwe-acoustic, ukumelana nokonakaliswa, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Indawo enengxolo ephezulu ejikeleze umoya ingadinga ukukhala okukhulu, uvakalelo oluphuculweyo lokwamkela, kunye nokusebenza ngaphandle kwezandla endaweni yoyilo oluqhelekileyo lwefowuni.

Kwezinye izibonelelo, ifowuni yinxalenye yomaleko omkhulu wonxibelelwano olungxamisekileyo onokuquka iibhena zokulumkisa, izithethi, kunye neenkqubo zedilesi kawonkewonke, ngoko ke isixhobo kufuneka sihambelane nomsebenzi obanzi wokuphendula endaweni yokuzimela sodwa.

Ukuze kucwangciswe inkqubo ngokubanzi, abathengi badla ngokuqhagamshela isiphelo selizwi nezinye izixhobo eziqinileyo ezifanaiifowuni zexesha likaxakeka zoshishino or iifowuni ezimelana nemozulu, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ingxaki ephambili yimeko-bume enobungozi, ukuvezwa ngaphandle, okanye zombini ezo zinto.

Indlela yokukhetha ifowuni ekwaziyo ukuqhuma kwiZone 1 ngaphandle kokuthenga kakhulu

Ifowuni elungele ukuqhuma yeZone 1 yeyona ihambelana neprofayili yomngcipheko wesiza kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo iminxeba enobunzima obungeyomfuneko.

Qala ngokubuza ukuba ngaba isixhobo kufuneka sifakwe eludongeni, sifakwe kwiipali, sidityaniswe neekhabhinethi, okanye sifakelwe ipaseji.

Emva koko misela ukuba ngaba abasebenzisi bayayidinga na i-handset, i-interface yamaqhosha angenazandla, okanye i-keypad ekwaziyo ukutshabalalisa.

Okulandelayo, dwelisa iimeko ezingqongileyo: ukuvezwa ngamakhemikhali, ityuwa, imvula, ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, ukungcangcazela, kunye nendlela yokucoca.

Okokugqibela, qinisekisa ukuba ifowuni izimele okanye iyinxalenye yenethiwekhi enkulu yokufowunela abantu abangxamisekileyo.

Kwimisebenzi emininzi, eyona nto ibangela iindleko zokwenyani ayiloxabiso leyunithi kodwa ngumthwalo wokufakela nokulungisa, ingakumbi xa indawo ifuna izixhobo eziqinisekisiweyo kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo.

Yiyo loo nto amaqela okuthenga kufuneka acele ityala elipheleleyo lezinto zokwakha endaweni yexabiso elingenanto.

Indlela yokusebenza yokukhetha esebenzisekayo iboniswe ngezantsi.

1. Qinisekisa ulwahlulo lwendawo kunye nendawo efunekayo.
2. Chonga iqela legesi kunye neklasi yobushushu.
3. Jonga ukhuseleko lokungena kunye nokuvezwa kokugqwala.
4. Gqiba ngokusebenza kwefowuni, i-handsfree, okanye i-keypad.
5. Hlola ukufakwa, ukungena kwentambo, kunye nokufikelela kulondolozo.
6. Qinisekisa ukuba zikhona na izixhobo ezingasetyenziswanga kunye nexesha elichithwayo xa zisetyenziswa.

Olu hambo lomsebenzi luluncedo ngakumbi xa ifowuni kufuneka idityaniswe nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifanaiifowuni zoshishino or ulwazi lwenkxaso yeprojekthi kunye nemveliso, kuba abathengi beprojekthi badla ngokufuna umthengisi omnye ukuze agubungele iindawo ezininzi zonxibelelwano.

Iinkcukacha zobugcisa ezibaluleke ngaphezu kwamabango okuthengisa

Iinkcukacha zobugcisa zigqiba ekubeni ifowuni ithembekile na kweli candelo, kungekhona ukuba ikopi yekhathalogu ivakala imangalisa na.

Kwiifowuni ezinobungozi nezingaphandle kwemizi-mveliso, umaleko wokuqala kukuvala okusingqongileyo, umaleko wesibini kukusinda koomatshini, kwaye umaleko wesithathu kukusetyenziswa kwesandi.

Ukhuseleko lokungena komoya yenye yezona ndlela zicacileyo zokujonga.

NgaphantsiI-ISO 60529, IP66 ithetha ukuqina kothuli kunye nokukhuselwa kwiijethi zamanzi ezinamandla, ezahlukileyo kakhulu kwindawo evalekileyo yangaphakathi.

Kwizixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinzima zenkonzo, olu mahluko lubalulekile kuba isixhobo sisenokuchatshazelwa yimvula, ukuhlanjwa ngamanzi, okanye uthuli oluhamba emoyeni kangangeminyaka.

Esinye isalathiso esiluncedo yingqiqo yobugorha esemvaI-IEC 60079-0, echaza iimfuno eziqhelekileyo zezixhobo kwiindawo eziqhumayo.

Nangona ukhetho lokugqibela kufuneka lulandele indlela echanekileyo yokuqinisekiswa, loo mgangatho unceda abathengi baqonde ukuba kutheni ubushushu bomphezulu, ukuthembeka kwendawo ebiyelweyo, kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto kubalulekile.

Kolu didi, ixabiso eliphantsi linokuba yimeko yoqoqosho olungeyonyani ukuba landisa ixesha lokuhlola okanye amaxesha okutshintsha.

Kwabanye abathengi, imilinganiselo ephambili ayikokubiza iindleko zokuthenga kodwa linani leenkonzo eziye zatyelelwa zivaliwe ngexesha lomjikelo wobomi bezixhobo.

Yintoni omawuyibuze ngaphambi kokuba uthenge ifowuni ye-ATEX engaqhumiyo

Imibuzo yobuchule yokuthenga idla ngokuba yeyokusebenza, kungekhona eyobuhle.

Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge, buza ukuba isixhobo sisebenza njani xa unxibe iiglavu, ukuba ingaba ikhiphedi ihlala ifundeka na xa ukukhanya kuphantsi, nokuba ingaba indlela yesandi iyasebenza na kwiindawo ezinengxolo ephezulu.

Emva koko buza ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa kungasebenzi: ngaba iyunithi ingalungiswa endaweni yayo, okanye kufuneka isuswe ize iqinisekiswe kwakhona?

Buza kwakhona ukuba ngaba umthengisi unikezela ngamaxwebhu ahambelana nendawo ethile, kuba ukungangqinelani kwendawo yenye yeempazamo ezibiza kakhulu kwiiprojekthi zendawo enobungozi.

Ukuba iprojekthi ibandakanya indawo kawonke-wonke okanye ekufutshane noluntu, ukumelana nokonakaliswa kwezakhiwo kunokubaluleka njengokhuseleko lomoya.

Kwezo meko, abathengi badla ngokufuna ukuba usapho olunye lwezixhobo lusebenze kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiindawo zokucubungula ukuya kumasango okufikelela.

Ababoneleli ababalaseleyo benza kube lula ukuphonononga iphakheji yeenkcukacha ngokudwelisa imeko yokusetyenziswa, indlela yokufaka, imeko yesatifikethi, kunye nomsebenzi wokulungisa kunye.

Oko kunciphisa ukujikeleza nokubuyela umva kobunjineli kwaye kunceda amaqela okuthenga athelekise izinto ezifana nezo.

Kwiiprojekthi ezidibanisa unxibelelwano lwendawo enobungozi kunye nokuchayeka ngaphandle, abathengi banokuthelekisa iindawo zokugqibela zesiza kuzo zonkeiifowuni zexesha likaxakeka zoshishinokwayeiifowuni ezingavumeli ukonakalaukuphepha ukusebenzisa udidi lwesixhobo esingalunganga kumngcipheko ongalunganga.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kwiprojekthi zefowuni ezingenakuqhushumba zeZone 1 kunye neZone 2

Eyona mpazamo ixhaphakileyo kukukhetha ngokwemilo ye-enclosure endaweni yokukhetha ngokwe-certification scope.

Impazamo yesibini eqhelekileyo kukuthatha ukuba ifowuni ekwaziyo ukumelana nemozulu ingathatha indawo yefowuni ekwaziyo ukumelana nokuqhuma.

Ukuthintela imozulu kuthintela imvula nothuli, kodwa akuchaphazeli umngcipheko wokutsha kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

Impazamo yesithathu kukungawunaki uxinzelelo lwesandi kunye nokuvakala kwesandi kwiindawo zezityalo ezinengxolo.

Kwaneyunithi eqinisekisiweyo ayisebenzi ukuba abaqhubi abakwazi ukuva umnxeba ongenayo okanye ukuqonda indlela yelizwi.

Impazamo yesine kukungahoyi iinkcukacha zokufakelwa kunye nokufakwa kwentambo, nto leyo enokubangela ubuthathaka besitywino okanye iingxaki zenkonzo.

Impazamo yesihlanu kukuthenga iyunithi enye kuzo zonke iindawo kwaye ulindele ukuba uyilo olunye lugubungele iZone 1, iZone 2, ukugqwala kwangaphandle, kunye nokumelana nokonakaliswa ngokulinganayo.

Oko kudla ngokukhokelela ekubeni kubekho ubunjineli obugqithisileyo kwiindawo ezibuthathaka kunye nokhuseleko olungaphelelanga kwiindawo ezinzima.

Indlela ekhuselekileyo kukujonga ipotifoliyo: usapho lwesixhobo esinye, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo ezithile, kunye nemithetho ecacileyo yokufaka.

Xa amaqela kufuneka athelekise iindlela ngokukhawuleza, uluhlu lokuhlola olucwangcisiweyo luluncedo ngakumbi kunencwadana yeempawu.

Indlela abathengi beprojekthi abavavanya ngayo ixabiso lomjikelo wobomi, kungekuphela nje kwexabiso leyunithi

Ixabiso lomjikelo wobomi lidla ngokuba libaluleke ngaphezu kwexabiso lesitikha kwiiprojekthi zonxibelelwano lwendawo enobungozi.

Oko kungenxa yokuba iindleko zongenelelo olunye lokulungisa zinokudlula umahluko phakathi kweemodeli ezimbini.

Kubathengi bemizi-mveliso, ixabiso lobomi livela ekutyelelweni okumbalwa kwesiza, ukulungiswa okulula, amaxwebhu esiqinisekiso esizinzileyo, kunye nomngcipheko omncinci wokungaphumeleli.

Ikwavela ekufaniseni ifowuni nomjikelo womsebenzi wokwenyani.

Isixhobo esisetyenziselwa iifowuni ezingxamisekileyo ngamanye amaxesha sineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuguguleka kunesixhobo esisetyenziswa amaxesha amaninzi ngexesha ngalinye xa ungena esangweni okanye kwindawo yokulawula.

Kwiindawo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu, ukuqina kunye nokuqhubeka kwezixhobo ezingasetyenziswayo kufuneka kuthathwe njengemikhwa yokukhetha, kungekhona ukucinga ngezinto eziza kwenzeka emva koko.

Ucwangciso lweshishini ludla ngokuthelekisa utyalo-mali oluqalayo kunye neendleko zokusebenza zabasebenzi abatsha, ixesha lokuqinisekisa, kunye nokuvezwa ngexesha lokungasebenzi.

Xa olo hlalutyo lwenziwe ngokufanelekileyo, imodeli engabizi kakhulu ayisoloko iyimodeli ebiza kakhulu kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu.

Yiyo loo nto amaqela amaninzi obunjineli ekhetha isisombululo esinokukwabelana ngengqiqo yoyilo neemveliso ezikufutshane kwindawo enye, njengesixhobo esibanziumgca wemveliso yonxibelelwano lwemizi-mvelisokunye nezixhobo zenkxaso ezinxulumene noko kwiiphepha leprofayili yenkampani.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo: Ifowuni engenakuqhuma kwiZone 1 kunye nefowuni engenakuqhuma kwiZone 2

Yintoni umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweZone 1 kunye neZone 2?

Indawo 1 ibonisa ukuba imeko-bume enobungozi inokwenzeka ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo, ngelixa indawo 2 ibonisa ukuba akunakwenzeka kwaye, ukuba ikhona, ihlala ixesha elifutshane.

Ngaba ifowuni ekwaziyo ukumelana nokuqhuma kweZone 2 ingasetyenziswa kwiZone 1?

Hayi, ngaphandle kokuba imveliso iqinisekisiwe ngokucacileyo kwaye iphawulwe njengeyeZone 1, kuba imvume yeZone 2 yodwa ayanelanga.

Ingaba ifowuni ye-ATEX ekwaziyo ukuqhuma iyafana ne-IECEx?

Hayi, zizikhokelo ezahlukeneyo zesatifikethi, nangona iiprojekthi ezininzi zoshishino zisebenzisa zombini njengenxalenye yesicwangciso esibanzi sokuthobela imithetho.

Yeyiphi i-IP rating eluncedo kwiifowuni zangaphandle ezirhabaxa?

I-IP66 yindawo eqhelekileyo kuba ibonisa ukuqina kothuli kunye nokuxhathisa iijethi zamanzi ezinamandla phantsiI-ISO 60529.

Yintoni ebaluleke ngakumbi, umgangatho wesandi okanye isiqinisekiso?

Zombini zibalulekile, kodwa isiqinisekiso siza kuqala kwiindawo ezinobungozi kuba isixhobo esingasetyenziswayo asilunganga, ngelixa isixhobo esingaqinisekiswanga sisenokungamkeleki ukuyifaka kwaphela.

Kutheni ezinye iifowuni ezingakwaziyo ukuqhuma nazo zingayi kutshabalala?

Kuba iindawo ezininzi zoshishino nezoluntu zifuna ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho kwindawo enobungozi kunye nokukhuselwa ekusebenziseni gwenxa, impembelelo, okanye ukuphazanyiswa.

Yintoni ekufuneka ihlolwe ngaphambi kokufakwa?

Jonga indawo, iqela legesi, udidi lobushushu, ukungena kwentambo, indlela yokufakela, kunye nokufikelela kulondolozo ngaphambi kokuba iyunithi ifakwe.